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Break-Even Analysis Explained
Break-even is the point where total revenue equals total costs — no profit, no loss. Below break-even you're losing money; above it, every unit sold is pure profit minus variable cost.
Contribution Margin = Price − Variable Cost per Unit
Break-Even Units = Fixed Costs ÷ Contribution Margin
Break-Even Revenue = Break-Even Units × Price
Break-Even Units = Fixed Costs ÷ Contribution Margin
Break-Even Revenue = Break-Even Units × Price
What is contribution margin?
Contribution margin is the amount each unit sold contributes toward covering fixed costs. Once fixed costs are covered, contribution margin becomes profit. Example: $99 price − $25 variable cost = $74 contribution margin per unit.
How can I lower my break-even point?
Three levers: raise prices, reduce variable costs per unit, or reduce fixed overhead. Raising prices is usually the highest-leverage move if the market allows it.